Mitochondrial-derived peptide · preclinical research
What is MOTS-c?
MOTS-c is a 16-amino-acid peptide linked to a short sequence in mitochondrial DNA. Mitochondria are involved in energy metabolism, and mitochondrial-derived peptides are investigated as signals between cellular processes.
How does MOTS-c work?
The original research connected MOTS-c with metabolic pathways and AMPK, an enzyme system involved in cellular energy sensing. Investigators examined skeletal muscle as an important target in those experimental models. [1]
What does the research show?
A 2015 paper described MOTS-c and reported metabolic changes in cells and mice, including effects in high-fat-diet and ageing models. A later study explored movement of MOTS-c into the nucleus during metabolic stress. [1]
What the evidence does not establish
These findings provide a mechanism to investigate. They do not establish a safe human intervention for weight loss, exercise performance or longevity. Measuring naturally occurring MOTS-c in people is also different from testing an administered product.
Safety questions to discuss
FDA highlights the lack of human exposure information for MOTS-c drug products and associated safety uncertainty. [3]
Frequently asked questions
Is MOTS-c the same as NAD+?
No. MOTS-c is a peptide, while NAD+ is a coenzyme.
Do mouse results establish human performance benefits?
No. Those outcomes require appropriate human studies.
Sources and further reading
- Original MOTS-c metabolic homeostasis study — Cell Metabolism, 2015
- MOTS-c nuclear translocation during metabolic stress — primary research
- FDA: MOTS-c safety information
These are selected sources, not a systematic review. Check publication dates, study methods and the exact substance tested. Artwork does not establish clinical benefit.